The main focus of this first article will be physiological topics, such as urea production and renal processing of urea, along with the causes of increased and reduced plasma/serum urea concentration.Ĭonsideration will also be given to the limitations of urea measurement for assessment of renal function. This is the first of two articles that together aim to explore current understanding of the clinical value of measuring serum or plasma urea concentration. It is eliminated from the body almost exclusively by the kidneys in urine, and measurement of its concentration, first in urine and later in blood, has had clinical application in the assessment of kidney (renal) function for well over 150 years. Proper consultation and guidance from a doctor are imperative for accurate interpretation and management based on the BUN test results.Urea is the principal nitrogenous waste product of metabolism and is generated from protein breakdown. Whether you have underlying kidney conditions or are just keeping tabs on your overall health, understanding the factors that affect BUN levels and the implications of abnormal values can be instrumental in making informed health decisions and maintaining kidney health. The significance of the BUN test in monitoring and evaluating kidney health. You should consult a nephrologist or your primary care doctor in case of abnormal BUN values. Which doctor should I consult in case of abnormal BUN values? Yes, factors such as age, genetics, and certain underlying diseases are non-modifiable and can affect BUN levels. Are there non-modifiable factors affecting BUN levels? Yes, factors such as diet, hydration status, and medications are modifiable and can affect BUN levels. Are there modifiable factors affecting BUN levels? Yes, vigorous exercise can increase BUN levels temporarily due to muscle breakdown. Your doctor may recommend additional tests or adjustments in medications or diet. If your BUN levels are abnormal, it is important to consult your doctor for interpretation and advice. What should I do if my BUN levels are abnormal? Creatinine levels are more stable and are usually used together with BUN to evaluate kidney function. What is the difference between BUN and creatinine?īoth BUN and creatinine are waste products in the blood, but while BUN is produced during the breakdown of proteins, creatinine is produced by the muscles. Staying well-hydrated can also impact BUN levels. Yes, a high-protein diet can cause elevated BUN levels, while a low-protein diet can result in lower BUN levels. It is important to inform your doctor of all medications you are taking, as they may ask you to stop certain medications before the test. Yes, certain medications can affect BUN levels. The BUN test is a standard blood test and has minimal risks, similar to those associated with a regular blood draw, such as bruising or infection at the needle site. Are there any risks associated with the BUN test? Your doctor will advise on how often you should have the test based on your specific situation. The frequency of BUN testing depends on your health status and any underlying conditions. Overhydration can also lead to low BUN levels. Low BUN levels can be seen in liver disease, malnutrition, or conditions that result in decreased protein breakdown. Dehydration, high protein diets, and certain medications can also elevate BUN levels.

High BUN levels can indicate that the kidneys are not functioning properly or that there is a condition causing increased breakdown of proteins in the body. Normal BUN levels typically range from about 7 to 20 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), but normal ranges can vary depending on the laboratory that analyzes the blood sample.

Normal bun range